| Chemical composition of mineral water ArzniChemical composition is the main and determinative indicator of mineral water quality characteristic. Owing to its uniqueness, the chemical composition of Arzni mineral waters was used in the preparation of the Mineral Water Classifier of the former Soviet Union (Ovchinnikov, A. I.) which identified them as a separate Arzni Type of mineral waters. By the diversity of available quantities and chemical composition, the Arzni sources are related to the class of low-cid (рН 6.5-7.5) carbonaceous-Glauber's-earthy-brine waters. Combined or semi-combined carbonic acid and table salt are the main components of this water. The water is classified as carbonaceous chloride-hydrocarbonate, sodium, siliceous, boric water of various rates of mineralization ranging from 0.5 to 15 g/dm3 displaying source temperatures in the range from 12 to 21оС. The carbonaceous waters of Arzni have a wide range of chemical elements such as sodium, calcium, magnesium, chlorosulphates, hydro-carbonates and lesser amounts of ammonium, strontium, barium, iron, copper, manganese, fluorine, bromine, iodine and a series of micro-elements.The mentioned chemical compounds can join making complex combinations and vary depending on the rate or chemical character of their acidity, temperature, ambient pressure and other environmental conditions.
The geological and physical-chemical properties allow relating the Arzni waters with deep fresh waters, bearing an accumulation of table salt, gypsum and other substances. These substances are leached by water, which, along with its movement, becomes saturated with carbonic acid ascending from deep volcanic sources through fractures, and then appears on the day surface. The most characteristic feature of chemical composition recorded for any diversity of Arzni mineral waters is the common type of the ion-saline complex they display despite a relatively broad range of total mineralization from 0.5 to 15 g/dm3.
Chemical Composition (mg/ dm3)
Cations Anions Specific Components (mg/ dm3)
Metаsilicic acid Ortho-boric acid Ca2+ 90-100 The presence of calcium ion in the water increases its medicinal value as far as calcium ion has an anti-inflammatory effect and lowers gastrointestinal motility. Cl- 650-700 Chlorine ion is a strong irritant of mucous coat of stomach, enhances secretion of glands and excretion of hydrochloric acid, therefore chloride waters must be primarily administered in case of low or inexistent gastric acidity. SO42- 95-110 Sulfate ion combines with magnesium to yield magnesium sulfate MgSO4 Epsom salts, while combined with sodium it gives sodium sulfate NaSO4, Glauber’s salt or bitter salts that drastically enhance motor gastric and intestinal functions, bile excretion, etc. НСО3- 510-570 Hydro-carbonate ion easily acts on mucous coat and facilitates dissolution and washing of the mucus out of stomach. In the presence of sodium ions (Na++К+) 400-460 water rich in hydro-carbonate ion can be used as a table water that quenches thirst perfectly. |
